Certainly! Here are 50 CNA exam questions along with their answers, organized by number for easy reference:
### 1. What is the normal range for an adult’s blood pressure?
**Answer:** 90/60 mmHg to 120/80 mmHg.
### 2. What is the proper way to wash your hands?
**Answer:** Wet hands, apply soap, scrub all parts of the hands for at least 20 seconds, rinse, and dry with a clean towel.
### 3. What is a common sign of dehydration?
**Answer:** Dry mouth, dark urine, and decreased urination.
### 4. What is the purpose of a gait belt?
**Answer:** To assist with patient transfers and ensure safety.
### 5. What should you do if a patient starts choking?
**Answer:** Perform abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) or back blows and chest compressions if needed.
### 6. What is the normal adult temperature range?
**Answer:** 97.8°F to 99.1°F (36.5°C to 37.3°C).
### 7. How often should you check a patient’s vital signs?
**Answer:** Varies by patient condition; generally every 4-8 hours or as ordered by a physician.
### 8. What is the correct way to document patient care?
**Answer:** Clearly, accurately, and timely, using objective terms and following facility protocols.
### 9. What does HIPAA stand for?
**Answer:** Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act.
### 10. What are the symptoms of a heart attack?
**Answer:** Chest pain, shortness of breath, sweating, and nausea.
### 11. How should you position a patient for a bed bath?
**Answer:** Place the patient in a comfortable position, usually sitting up or lying on their back.
### 12. What is the purpose of the CNA’s role in patient care?
**Answer:** To assist with daily activities, monitor patient health, and provide emotional support.
### 13. What is the correct position for a patient experiencing shortness of breath?
**Answer:** Fowler’s position (sitting up with the head of the bed elevated).
### 14. What does “assisting with ADLs” stand for?
**Answer:** Assisting with Activities of Daily Living.
### 15. What is a “pressure ulcer”?
**Answer:** An injury to the skin and underlying tissue due to prolonged pressure.
### 16. How do you perform oral care for an unconscious patient?
**Answer:** Use a moistened swab or toothbrush, and ensure the patient’s head is turned to prevent aspiration.
### 17. What are the signs of infection?
**Answer:** Redness, swelling, warmth, and pain at the site of infection.
### 18. How do you assist a patient with walking?
**Answer:** Stand to the side and slightly behind the patient, use a gait belt, and support as needed.
### 19. What should you do if you notice a patient has a new rash?
**Answer:** Report it to the nurse or physician immediately.
### 20. What is the purpose of range of motion exercises?
**Answer:** To maintain joint flexibility and prevent stiffness.
### 21. What should you do if you are exposed to a needle stick?
**Answer:** Wash the area with soap and water, report the incident, and follow facility protocols.
### 22. What are the four main vital signs?
**Answer:** Temperature, pulse, respiration, and blood pressure.
### 23. What is the proper way to take a patient’s pulse?
**Answer:** Use the pads of your fingers to feel the pulse, count beats for 60 seconds.
### 24. How do you prevent the spread of infection?
**Answer:** Follow hand hygiene practices, use personal protective equipment, and adhere to infection control protocols.
### 25. What does “confidentiality” mean in healthcare?
**Answer:** Protecting patient information from unauthorized access or disclosure.
### 26. What is a “fall risk” assessment?
**Answer:** A process to evaluate a patient’s likelihood of falling and implementing preventive measures.
### 27. What is the purpose of patient positioning?
**Answer:** To promote comfort, prevent complications, and support treatment.
### 28. What is the first step in transferring a patient from bed to wheelchair?
**Answer:** Ensure the wheelchair is locked and positioned correctly.
### 29. What is the purpose of taking a patient’s blood pressure?
**Answer:** To assess cardiovascular health and monitor for abnormalities.
### 30. How do you properly document a patient’s complaint?
**Answer:** Note the patient’s exact words, time of the complaint, and any observations.
### 31. What is “patient advocacy”?
**Answer:** Supporting and representing the patient’s needs and rights.
### 32. What should you do if a patient refuses to take medication?
**Answer:** Respect their wishes and inform the nurse or physician.
### 33. What is the proper technique for measuring respiration?
**Answer:** Observe the patient’s chest rise and fall without them knowing to avoid altering the rate.
### 34. How do you ensure patient safety in a healthcare setting?
**Answer:** Follow safety protocols, use equipment correctly, and stay vigilant for hazards.
### 35. What is “informed consent”?
**Answer:** A patient’s voluntary agreement to a procedure after being fully informed of risks and benefits.
### 36. How do you handle a situation where a patient is angry?
**Answer:** Remain calm, listen actively, and address the issue respectfully.
### 37. What is the correct way to take a patient’s temperature?
**Answer:** Depending on the method (oral, rectal, axillary), follow specific procedures for accurate results.
### 38. What is the role of a CNA in an emergency situation?
**Answer:** Provide basic care, follow emergency procedures, and assist the healthcare team.
### 39. What should you do before performing a procedure on a patient?
**Answer:** Identify the patient, explain the procedure, and obtain consent.
### 40. What is the importance of patient observation?
**Answer:** To detect changes in health status and provide timely interventions.
### 41. What is the “S.O.A.P.” method in documentation?
**Answer:** Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan.
### 42. How do you assist a patient with feeding?
**Answer:** Offer food in small amounts, assist as needed, and ensure the patient is comfortable.
### 43. What is a “care plan”?
**Answer:** A document outlining a patient’s care needs, goals, and interventions.
### 44. What is the proper way to assist with a patient’s personal hygiene?
**Answer:** Ensure privacy, provide necessary supplies, and assist based on the patient’s needs.
### 45. How do you handle soiled linen?
**Answer:** Wear gloves, place linen in a designated container, and follow hygiene procedures.
### 46. What is “patient-centered care”?
**Answer:** Providing care that respects and responds to individual patient preferences, needs, and values.
### 47. How do you perform a bed transfer safely?
**Answer:** Use proper body mechanics, ensure the bed is at the correct height, and move the patient with assistance if needed.
### 48. What should you do if you make a mistake in patient care?
**Answer:** Report the mistake to a nurse or supervisor and document it accurately.
### 49. What are the key components of effective communication with patients?
**Answer:** Clear speech, active listening, empathy, and non-verbal cues.
### 50. What is the “RACE” acronym for fire safety?
**Answer:** Rescue, Alarm, Contain, Extinguish.
### 51. What is the proper way to assist a patient in using a bedpan?
**Answer:** Position the bedpan correctly under the patient, provide privacy, and help the patient into a comfortable position.
### 52. What is the purpose of using an incentive spirometer?
**Answer:** To encourage deep breathing and prevent pneumonia.
### 53. What is the correct procedure for taking a patient’s blood glucose level?
**Answer:** Clean the site, use a lancet to obtain a drop of blood, and place it on the test strip according to the glucometer’s instructions.
### 54. How do you handle a patient with a urinary catheter?
**Answer:** Ensure the catheter is not kinked, the drainage bag is below the bladder, and the area around the catheter is clean.
### 55. What is the purpose of a “turn schedule”?
**Answer:** To prevent pressure ulcers by changing the patient’s position regularly.
### 56. How do you perform a weight measurement for a patient?
**Answer:** Ensure the scale is zeroed, have the patient stand still on the scale, and record the weight.
### 57. What is the proper technique for applying an elastic bandage?
**Answer:** Wrap the bandage from the distal to proximal area, overlapping as you go, and make sure it’s snug but not too tight.
### 58. How do you handle a patient’s personal information?
**Answer:** Keep it confidential and only share it with authorized individuals.
### 59. What is the appropriate method for changing a patient’s bedding?
**Answer:** Change the bedding while the patient is out of bed if possible, and follow infection control procedures.
### 60. What are the signs of hypoglycemia?
**Answer:** Shakiness, sweating, confusion, and dizziness.
### 61. How do you assist a patient with a walker?
**Answer:** Ensure the walker is at the correct height, and instruct the patient to move the walker forward, step into it, and repeat.
### 62. What is the proper technique for cleaning a wound?
**Answer:** Use a clean technique, apply antiseptic, and cover with a sterile dressing.
### 63. How do you measure a patient’s respiration rate?
**Answer:** Observe the rise and fall of the chest without the patient being aware to avoid altering their breathing pattern.
### 64. What is the role of a CNA in end-of-life care?
**Answer:** Provide comfort, assist with physical needs, and offer emotional support to both the patient and family.
### 65. What should you do if you find a patient on the floor?
**Answer:** Check for injuries, call for help, and follow facility protocols for reporting and managing the fall.
### 66. How do you maintain patient dignity during care?
**Answer:** Always ensure privacy, be respectful, and provide care in a professional manner.
### 67. What is the correct way to perform hand hygiene?
**Answer:** Wash hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds or use hand sanitizer with at least 60% alcohol.
### 68. How do you handle a patient with a feeding tube?
**Answer:** Check the placement, administer the feed as ordered, and monitor for complications.
### 69. What is the proper way to measure blood pressure?
**Answer:** Use the correct cuff size, position the cuff on the upper arm, inflate it, and listen for the blood flow sounds.
### 70. What are common signs of a stroke?
**Answer:** Sudden numbness, confusion, difficulty speaking, and vision problems.
### 71. How do you care for a patient with diabetes?
**Answer:** Monitor blood glucose levels, administer medications as prescribed, and assist with diet and exercise plans.
### 72. What is the correct procedure for recording a patient’s intake and output?
**Answer:** Measure all fluids consumed and excreted, and document accurately.
### 73. How do you help a patient with constipation?
**Answer:** Encourage fluids, fiber intake, and physical activity, and report if symptoms persist.
### 74. What is the purpose of using a handroll?
**Answer:** To prevent contractures and maintain hand positioning.
### 75. How do you assist a patient with oxygen therapy?
**Answer:** Ensure the oxygen is at the correct flow rate, and check for proper mask or nasal cannula placement.
### 76. What is the correct way to take an oral temperature?
**Answer:** Place the thermometer under the patient’s tongue and ask them to keep their mouth closed.
### 77. How do you perform a patient transfer using a lift?
**Answer:** Position the lift correctly, secure the sling, and follow the manufacturer’s instructions for lifting and transferring.
### 78. What should you do if you notice a patient’s skin is becoming pale and cool?
**Answer:** Report these findings immediately as they may indicate a serious condition.
### 79. What is the purpose of using a hospital bed’s side rails?
**Answer:** To prevent falls and provide support for patients.
### 80. How do you manage a patient’s medications?
**Answer:** Administer medications as prescribed, follow the five rights (right patient, right medication, right dose, right route, right time), and document.
### 81. What is the appropriate way to handle a patient’s belongings?
**Answer:** Respect privacy, keep items secure, and document any items of value.
### 82. What are the signs of an allergic reaction?
**Answer:** Hives, itching, swelling, and difficulty breathing.
### 83. How do you handle a patient’s aggressive behavior?
**Answer:** Stay calm, avoid confrontation, and seek help if needed.
### 84. What is the correct way to perform a partial bath?
**Answer:** Wash the face, hands, and areas most soiled, and ensure patient comfort and privacy.
### 85. How do you check for a pulse?
**Answer:** Place fingers on a pulse point, such as the wrist or neck, and count beats for 60 seconds.
### 86. What are the principles of good body mechanics?
**Answer:** Use your legs to lift, keep your back straight, and bend at the knees.
### 87. What is a CNA’s role in patient nutrition?
**Answer:** Assist with meal preparation, encourage a balanced diet, and monitor food and fluid intake.
### 88. What are the signs of dehydration?
**Answer:** Dry skin, sunken eyes, and dark-colored urine.
### 89. How do you provide emotional support to a patient?
**Answer:** Listen actively, offer reassurance, and provide a comforting presence.
### 90. What is the purpose of an admission assessment?
**Answer:** To gather baseline information about the patient’s health status for care planning.
### 91. How do you perform oral hygiene for a patient who is bedridden?
**Answer:** Use a mouth swab or soft toothbrush, and assist the patient as needed, ensuring comfort and hygiene.
### 92. What should you do if you suspect a patient is being abused?
**Answer:** Report the suspicion to a nurse or appropriate authority immediately.
### 93. What is the correct way to use a manual blood pressure cuff?
**Answer:** Place the cuff on the upper arm, inflate it, and listen for the systolic and diastolic sounds with a stethoscope.
### 94. What are the steps for changing an ostomy bag?
**Answer:** Remove the old bag, clean the skin, apply the new bag, and ensure a secure fit.
### 95. How do you manage a patient’s oxygen therapy?
**Answer:** Ensure the oxygen is at the prescribed flow rate, check for proper mask or cannula placement, and monitor for complications.
### 96. What is the proper way to handle and dispose of sharps?
**Answer:** Place used needles and other sharps in a designated sharps container.
### 97. What are the signs of a pressure ulcer?
**Answer:** Redness, tenderness, or skin breakdown over bony areas.
### 98. How do you assist a patient with a walker?
**Answer:** Make sure the walker is adjusted to the correct height and encourage the patient to move the walker forward first before stepping.
### 99. What is the correct procedure for taking a rectal temperature?
**Answer:** Lubricate the thermometer, insert it gently into the rectum, and hold it in place until it signals it is ready.
### 100. How do you manage a patient’s mobility issues?
**Answer:** Use assistive devices, provide physical support, and encourage safe movement practices.
These questions cover a broad range of topics relevant to the CNA exam and will help you with your preparation.
